Sri Yusnaini

Oleh

Sri Yusnaini, Ainin Niswati, M.A. Syamsul Arif, dan S.G. Nugroho

Jurusan Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung

Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1 Bandar Lampung 35145

Abstract

The increasing of people in the globe had increased the changes of land uses from the natural forest to the farming practices consequently the soil characteristic will be affected by that the land uses changes. The main concern of this research was to study the abundance and diversity of  vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM  ) spore and the second concern was to study changes of selective soil chemical properties due to slash and burn practices replaced with monoculture farming practices and agroforestry. The research was conducted in Sumberjaya District, West Lampung, Lampung Province with the altitude of 800 m-1.200 m above sea level in the rainy season on 2001. The observasion of mycorrhiza was conducted on six different location, such as: primary forest, slash and burn area, young coffee monoculture (< 2 years old), old coffee monoculture (> 15 years old), agroforestry (mixed of coffee, manggo, avocado, and jack fruit), and bushes area. The results showed that the opening of the primary forest decreased significantly of soil organic matter, CEC, and P-available. Agroforestry cropping system and bushes are  able to became alternative cropping system in the land with high slope for prevent of soil organic matter toward sustainable agriculture. The decreasing of abundance and diversity of VAM was affected by the land uses changes.  Cluster analysis showed two groups species of VAM e.g. VAM that lived on the young coffee area and others VAM groups that lived in others area on present study. The species of VAM that can be adaptation and growth in every land uses are: Glomus with  3 species such as G. etunicatum, G. constrictum, and G.aggregatum.

Keywords:   forest,  slash burn, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal